Solid rolled metal i-beam of nine inches and under twelve inches in height.



H. GREY.

SOLID ROLLED I-BBAM 0F NINE INCHES AND UNDERTWEINE INCHES IN HEIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14, 1903.v

1,01 3,649. Patented Jan. 2, 1912.

, Y I 25" W" WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATEN PATENT @FFIQE.

HENRY GREY, OF NEW YORK, N.

IANY, OF NEW YORK,

Y., ASSIGNOR T0 AMERICAN UNIVERSAL MILL COM- N. Y., A CORPORATION OFWEST VIRGINIA.

SOLID ROLLED METAL I-BEAM OF NINE INGHES AND UNDER TWELVE INCHES INHEIGHT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 2,1912.

Application filed September 14, 1903. Serial No. 173,108.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY GREY, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in SolidRolled Metal I-Beams of Nine Inches and Under Twelve Inches in Height;and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it pertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in solid rolled I-beams measuringover eight inches and under twelve inches in height.

The general object of this invention is to produce improved solid rolledsteel or iron I-beams not less than nine inches in height and less thantwelve inches, and capable of j safely carrying on any span whose lengthin feet is equal or exceeds the height of the beam in inches, for agiven unit of material, a greater load than has heretofore been carried.In other words, this invention has in view the production of a solidrolled metal I-beam having a height within the 'range hereinbeforeindicated, which shall, by reason of an advantageous distribution ofmaterial in its web and flanges, be able tosafely carry, on all spansincluded within the above-mentioned limitation, a larger load to theunit of weight in the said beam than has heretofore'been carried by anyheretofore produced solid rolled I-beam of the same height.

The object of this invention, more specifically stated, is to producesolid rolled I beams not less than nine inches and under twelve inchesin height, which are capable of safely carrying, on all spans of one orabout one foot for ever inch in height of the beam, anevenly dlstributedsafe load equal .in amount to that carried by any heretofore made solidrolled Ij-beams of the same height, with ten per cent. less weight ofmaterial.

" Another object is not onlythe production in a solid rolled K-be'am.having a height within the range hereinbefore indicated, which shall,"by reason of an advantageous distribution of material in its web, and

(I flanges, be abletosafely carry, on all spans included within theabove-mentioned limita-' tion, a larger load to the unit of weight inthe said beam than can be carried by any heretofore produced solidrolled I-beams of the same height, but which has a web of considerablyless thickness than the thickness of the webs of heretofore made solidrolled I-beams of the same height and also considerably less inthickness relative to the mean thickness of the flanges than the webs ofthe said beams of the prior state of the art, and has -a width which,measured straight across the outer sides of adjacent opposltelyprojecting flanges of the beam, is over twelve times the mean thicknessof the flanges of the beam.

With these objects in view, this invention consists more especially inthe production of solid rolled I-beams having a height over eight inchesand under twelve inches, and having such width relative to the meanthickness of the flanges, with the mean thickness of each flange and thethickness of the web bearing such proportion to each other, that thecoefficient of strength in any beam having a height within the saidrange, per unit of weight of one pound, for a fiber stress of sixteenthousand (16,000) pounds per square inch, exceeds ten hundred and eightypounds of height of the beam;

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional viewsof solid rolled I-beams embodying my invention and having a height often inches and nine inches respectively. Fig. 3 is across-sectional viewof a rough beam or blank suitable for use in the manufacture of thesolid rolled nineinch beam shown in Fig. 2. Portions are broken away inFig. 3 to reduce the size of the drawing.

Refenring to the drawings, w represents the web, and f, the flanges ofthe beams.

K designates the solid rolled I-beam illustrated in Fig. 1. The beam Khas a height of ten inches, as already indicated,-that is,

measures ten inches (10") between the outer sides of the flanges formedat one and the same side of the web of the-beam. The

beam K has a width of five and one-half inches (5.5),that is, measuresfive and one-half inches (5.5) between the longitudinal edges ofadjacent oppositely projecting flanges f of the beam. The thickness of(1080 lbs.) for every inch dredths of an inch (15.82) between the outersides of the flanges at one end and the same side of the web of theblank. The blank Z has a width of five and one=half inches (5.5" ),thatis, measures five and one-half inches (5.5") straight across the outersides of adjacent oppositely project" ing flanges of the blank. The meanthickness of each flange of the blank I is three inches and eight-tenthsof an inch (3.8),

and the thickness of the web of the blank is one inch and nine-tenths ofan inch (1.9"), and hence the mean thickness of the said flange is twicethe thickness of the web of the blank. It will be observed, therefore,that the mean thickness of each flange of the blank Zbears, to thethickness of the web of the blank, the same or approximately the sameratio which the mean thickness of the Said flange, when formed and as itis to exist in the beam L, Fig. 2, to which the said blank is to bereduced, bears to the thickness of the web of the said beam.

I would remark that my invention, which constitutes the subject-matterof this application, is the result of an exhaustive study of the waysand means best adapted to most economically and advantageously distribute the material used'in the manufacture of the solid rolled I-beams ofa height of eight and under twelve inches, and that my improved beamshave no more material in their. webs than actually needed, but obviouslyconsiderably less material than solid rolled beams of the same heightheretofore made. Solid rolled I-beams made prior to my invention havetoo much material in close proximity to the neutral axis.

The moment of inertia of an I-beam, when the latter is to be used as a.joist or girder, is calculated by the well known formula, viz.

1%, of [hi -i20 4 72., for the distance between the flanges at one andthe same side of the web at the longitudinal edges of the said flanges;Z, for

the distance between the roots of the flanges at one and the same sideof the web;

. a and t stands for the thickness of the web.

formula shows the coefficient equal to 8 X fiber strain X I span ininches X n and n standsfor the distance of center gravity of section,from top to bottom, in inches, and twelve inches (12) is used for thespan; thus the coefiicient obtained is for one foot and this, in generalparlance, is called the coeflicient. If the safe load, uniformlydistributed, is required for any definite span, the coeiiicient'isdivided by the number of feet in that span, and the quotient obtained isthe safe load for that given span.

I would remark also, that to make a solid rolled I-beam' having a heightof eight inches, nine inches or ten inches, which shall be equallystrong to resist bending under a load and avoid buckling of the web, fora certain length of span hereinbefore mentioned, is' the object I aim atin producingmy improved I-beams hereinbefore described; that aconsideration of .the possibility to commercially produce any given I-beam, and my study of what is most desirable in solid rolled I-beamshaving a height of eight and under twelve inches, have resulted inmyinventing such a proportion, in the said beams, between the thickness ofthe Web and the mean thickness of the flanges, and between the meanthickness of the flanges and the width of the flanges, as to enable meto produce solid rolled I-beams having a height not less than nineinches, which, when'used as girders or joists, are, with ten per cent.less material inthem, equal in load-carrying capacity to the solidrolled I-beams of the same height in the priorstate of the art.

What I claim is 1. As a newarticle of manufacture, a solid rolled I-beamnot less than n'ine'inches in height, the width of the flanges of whichis not less than twenty-two times greater than the thickness of the webthereof.

'2. As a new article of manufacture, a

' solid rolled I-beam the width of the flanges ofwhich is substantiallyfive and one-half inches and the mean thickness of which flanges issubstantially one-twelfth of their width. f

3. As a new article of manufacture, a solid rolled I-beam the height offWhiCll is over nine inches but under twelve inches, the ratio of thewidth of the flanges to the thickness of the web being not undertwentytwo.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a solid rolled I-beam, the height ofwhich is not less than nine inches, and the width of the flanges ofwhich is substantially 5.5 inches, and the thickness of the web of whichis .2 of an inch.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a solid rolled steel I-beam, theheight of which is not less than nine inches, the Width of the flangesof which is substantially 5.5 inches, the thickness of the web of whichis substantially .2 of an inch, and mean thickness IIBSSBS.

of the flanges of which is substantially .437 10 HENRY GREY. Witnesses:

C. H. Donna,

G. M. HAYEs'.

